What should you know?
Kidney stones are hard deposits made from minerals and salts. A stone may be silent in the kidney but cause severe colicky pain when it enters and obstructs the ureter.
Ultrasound is useful for the kidneys and urinary obstruction, but not every ureteric stone is directly visible. Low-dose non-contrast CT may be selected in appropriate non-pregnant patients.
Common symptoms and signs
- Severe wave-like pain radiating from flank to groin
- Nausea, vomiting and restlessness
- Blood in urine or painful frequent urination
- No symptoms with some small renal stones
Diagnosis and the role of ultrasound
A stone may appear as a bright focus with acoustic shadowing. The key assessment includes hydronephrosis, bladder findings and the opposite kidney.
- Likely stone size and location
- Presence and degree of hydronephrosis
- Renal size and parenchyma
- Ureteric jets in the bladder
Ultrasound findings must be interpreted together with symptoms, examination and, when needed, laboratory or other imaging results. An image alone should not be used for self-diagnosis or self-treatment.
Treatment and next steps
Treatment depends on size, location, pain, infection and kidney function. Observation and symptom control may be sufficient, while obstructing or persistent stones can require urologic intervention.
Management is individual and depends on age, symptoms, imaging findings, other health conditions and pregnancy plans. Medication or a procedure should be selected with the appropriate clinician.
When is urgent care needed?
- Fever or chills with suspected obstruction
- A single functioning kidney, pregnancy or very low urine output
- Uncontrolled pain or repeated vomiting
Related reading
- Urinary system ultrasound
- Kidney cyst — when is it dangerous?
- Lower back pain — when is it normal and when to see a doctor?
When should you consult radiologist Lana Ezieshvili?
Radiologist Lana Ezieshvili performs targeted ultrasound examinations, describes findings using standard imaging criteria and explains the report in clear language.
If you have symptoms, a referral or need follow-up imaging, use the form below to book a visit with Lana Ezieshvili. Timely, appropriately selected imaging can reduce uncertainty and help determine the right next step.
This article is for education and does not replace medical advice. Seek urgent care for severe or rapidly worsening symptoms.