What should you know?
Targeted transvaginal ultrasound can identify endometriomas and some features of adenomyosis or deep endometriosis. A normal scan does not completely exclude superficial endometriosis.
Female pelvic ultrasound evaluates the uterus, endometrium, ovaries and pelvic spaces. The transabdominal or transvaginal route is chosen according to age, symptoms and the clinical goal.
Common symptoms and signs
- Typical ovarian endometrioma
- Restricted uterine or ovarian mobility
- Possible deep lesions or tender sites
- Myometrial features compatible with adenomyosis
Diagnosis and the role of ultrasound
Transvaginal scanning usually provides greater detail; transabdominal scanning offers a wider view and generally requires a full bladder. The radiologist measures organs, characterizes lesions and may assess blood flow.
- Uterine size and myometrium
- Endometrial thickness and contour
- Ovarian size, follicles and lesions
- Free fluid and Doppler findings
Ultrasound findings must be interpreted together with symptoms, examination and, when needed, laboratory or other imaging results. An image alone should not be used for self-diagnosis or self-treatment.
Treatment and next steps
Severe cyclical pain needs gynecology assessment even after a normal routine scan; expert ultrasound or MRI may be appropriate. Depending on the result, follow-up may be timed to the menstrual cycle and may include gynecology review, hormone tests, sonohysterography or MRI.
Management is individual and depends on age, symptoms, imaging findings, other health conditions and pregnancy plans. Medication or a procedure should be selected with the appropriate clinician.
When is urgent care needed?
- Sudden severe one-sided pelvic pain
- Heavy bleeding, dizziness or fainting
- A positive pregnancy test with pain or bleeding
Related reading
- Endometriosis — symptoms, diagnosis and treatment
- Endometrioma or “chocolate cyst” — how does it appear on ultrasound?
- Female pelvic ultrasound — what does the radiologist evaluate?
When should you consult radiologist Lana Ezieshvili?
Radiologist Lana Ezieshvili performs targeted ultrasound examinations, describes findings using standard imaging criteria and explains the report in clear language.
If you have symptoms, a referral or need follow-up imaging, use the form below to book a visit with Lana Ezieshvili. Timely, appropriately selected imaging can reduce uncertainty and help determine the right next step.
This article is for education and does not replace medical advice. Seek urgent care for severe or rapidly worsening symptoms.